Umbane ophathwayo weSolar, owaziwa ngokuba ngumbane welanga ohambelanayo, uquka: iphaneli yelanga, isilawuli sentlawulo, isilawuli sokukhupha, isilawuli sentlawulo engundoqo, i-inverter, i-interface yokwandiswa kwangaphandle kunye nebhetri, njl njl. amandla elanga kunye namandla aqhelekileyo, kwaye unokutshintsha ngokuzenzekelayo.Imithombo yamandla ephathekayo ye-Photovoltaic isetyenziswa ngokubanzi, kwaye ilungele izixhobo zokubonelela ngombane zoncedo olungxamisekileyo, ukhenketho, umkhosi, ukuhlola i-geological, i-archaeology, izikolo, izibhedlele, iibhanki, izikhululo zegesi, izakhiwo ezibanzi, iindlela ezinkulu, izitishi, inkampu yosapho kunye neminye imisebenzi yasendle. okanye izixhobo zombane ezingxamisekileyo.
Iindawo zokuthenga
Amandla elanga aphathwayo ahlanganiswe ngamacandelo amathathu: iipaneli zelanga, iibhetri ezikhethekileyo zokugcina kunye nezixhobo eziqhelekileyo.Izibini zokuqala ziyizitshixo ezichaphazela umgangatho kunye nokusebenza kweemveliso zamandla, kwaye kufuneka ziqwalaselwe kwinkqubo yokuthenga.
iphaneli yelanga
Kukho iindidi ezintathu zeepaneli zelanga kwimarike, kubandakanya iiphaneli zelanga ze-silicon ze-monocrystalline, iiphaneli zelanga ze-polycrystalline silicon, kunye neephaneli zelanga ze-amorphous silicon.
Iiseli zelanga ze-silicon ze-Monocrystalline zezona zisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo iiseli ze-semiconductor ukuvelisa amandla elanga.Inkqubo yayo yokuvelisa igqityiwe, ngokuzinza okuphezulu kunye nezinga lokuguqulwa kweefoto zombane.Zombini i-Shenzhou 7 kunye ne-Chang'e 1 eqaliswe lilizwe lam zisebenzisa iiseli zelanga ze-silicon ze-monocrystalline, kwaye izinga lokuguqulwa linokufikelela kwi-40%.Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yeendleko eziphezulu, izinga lokuguqulwa kweeseli zelanga ze-silicon ze-monocrystalline kwimarike liphakathi kwe-15% kunye ne-18%.
Iindleko zeeseli zelanga ze-polycrystalline ze-silicon ziphantsi kuneeseli zelanga ze-monocrystalline, kwaye i-photosensitivity ingcono, enokuthi ibe nefuthe ekukhanyeni kwelanga kunye nokukhanya kwe-incandescent.Kodwa izinga lokuguqulwa kweefoto zombane li-11% -13 kuphela.Ngophuhliso lwetekhnoloji, ukusebenza kakuhle kukwaphucula, kodwa ukusebenza kakuhle kusengaphantsi kancinci kune-silicon ye-monocrystalline.
Izinga lokuguqulwa kweeseli ze-silicon ze-amorphous zelanga liphantsi kakhulu, inqanaba eliphezulu lamazwe ngamazwe limalunga ne-10% kuphela, ngelixa inqanaba lasekhaya liphakathi kwe-6% kunye ne-8%, kwaye alizinzile, kwaye izinga lokuguqulwa lihlala lihla ngokukhawuleza.Ke ngoko, iiseli ze-silicon ze-amorphous zelanga zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwimithombo yokukhanya yombane ebuthathaka, njengezibali zombane zelanga, iiwotshi zombane njalo njalo.Nangona ixabiso liphantsi, ixabiso / umlinganiselo wokusebenza awuphezulu.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, xa ukhetha umbane welanga ophathwayo, i-silicon ye-monocrystalline kunye ne-polycrystalline silicon isezona eziphambili.Kungcono ukuba ungakhethi i-silicon ye-amorphous ngenxa yexabiso eliphantsi.
Ibhetri yokugcina ezinikeleyo
Iibhetri ezikhethekileyo zokugcina amandla elanga aphathwayo kwimarike zinokuhlulwa zibe ziibhetri ze-lithium kunye neebhetri ze-nickel-metal hydride ngokwezixhobo.
Iibhetri zeLithium zinokuhlawuliswa nangaliphi na ixesha kwaye azinampembelelo yememori.Iibhetri ze-lithium-ion ziibhetri ze-lithium eziqhele ukusetyenziswa kwiifowuni zemveli okanye iikhamera zedijithali.Ngokwahlukileyo, iibhetri ze-elektroniki ze-polymer lithium zineenzuzo ezininzi.Zinoncedo lokubhitya, indawo engafunekiyo kunye nokumila okungafunekiyo, kwaye aziyi kubangela iingxaki zokhuseleko ezifana nokuvuza kolwelo kunye nokugqabhuka kokutsha.Ngoko ke, iibhetri ze-aluminium-plastiki zinokusetyenziswa.Ifilimu edibeneyo yenza i-casing yebhetri, ngaloo ndlela ikhulisa umthamo othile webhetri yonke.Njengoko iindleko ziyancipha ngokuthe ngcembe, iibhetri ze-lithium-ion ze-polymer ziya kuthatha indawo yeebhetri ze-lithium-ion zemveli.
Ingxaki ngeebhetri ze-nickel-metal hydride kukuba zombini ukutshaja kunye nokukhupha kunempembelelo yememori, ukusebenza kakuhle kuncinci, kwaye i-voltage yebhetri nganye incinci kuneebhetri ze-lithium-ion, engasetyenziswanga ngokubanzi kwi-solar ephathekayo. imithombo yamandla.
Ukongeza, iibhetri eziphathwayo eziphathwayo zelanga ziya kuba ne-overcharge overload, overvoltage kunye nemisebenzi yokhuseleko olugqithileyo.Emva kokuba ibhetri ihlawulwe ngokupheleleyo, iya kuvala ngokuzenzekelayo kwaye ingasayi kuhlawuliswa, kwaye iya kunqumla ngokuzenzekelayo unikezelo lwamandla ukukhusela ibhetri kunye nezixhobo zombane xa zikhutshwa kwinqanaba elithile.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-30-2022